European Actors
Eva Renzi was born in 1944 in Berlin. Her film debut was in “Playgirl” in 1966. The same year she acted opposite Michael Caine in “Funeral in Berlin”. She went to Hollywood to make “The Pink Jungle” with James Garner in 1968. She did not remain in the U.S. but chose to continue her career in Europe. Her other films include “The Bird with the Crystal Plumage” and “A Taste for Excitement”. Eva Renzi died in 2005 at the age of 60 in Berlin.
Paul Hubschmid was born in Switzerland in 1917. His film debut came in the Swiss film “Fusiler Wipf” in 1938. In 1949 he went to Hollywood, changed his name to Paul Christian and made “Bagdad” with Maureen O’Hara. His other U.S. movies included “The Beast from 20.000 Fathoms”. He died in 2001 in Berlin.
IMDB entry:
The son of an accountant, Paul Hubschmid was born, raised and schooled in Schoenenwerd, Switzerland. He trained for an acting career at the Max Reinhardt Seminar of Dramatic Art in Vienna and first appeared on stage at the Vienna Volkstheater in 1937. His motion picture debut took place the following year. He was cast as the titular hero in the patriotic Swiss production Füsilier Wipf (1938), which was directed by that nation’s pre-eminent film maker of the time, Leopold Lindtberg. The role opened the doors for the tall (1.92 m), wavy-haired and handsome actor and he soon moved on to a more lucrative career in Germany. After a stint with the Deutsches Theater in Berlin, he slipped effortlessly into a succession of romantic leads opposite established stars such as Luise Ullrich (Der Fall Rainer (1942)) and Hilde Krahl (Meine Freundin Josefine (1942)).
His presence in German films during the Nazi period (though mostly in light entertainments without significant political content) did not prove detrimental to his spell in Hollywood, which began with a seven-year contract in 1948. Having almost no perceptible trace of an accent, he fitted right into the role of ‘Paul Christian’, the stage name which was assigned to him for the handful of films he made in tinseltown. Some were outright stinkers, like No Time for Flowers (1952), which veered uneasily between silly comedy and fruity melodrama. Best of the bunch was the cult sci-fi The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms (1953), which started the cycle of giant monster films in the 1950’s and featured the work of renowned special effects expert Ray Harryhausen. The film cost a mere $200,000 to make and grossed in excess of $ 5 million. With the audience attention firmly fixed on the dinosaur, the cast seemed at times redundant. Paul, in the leading role of scientist Tom Nesbitt, did the best he could with the clichéd script. Since no better parts were forthcoming, Paul dissolved his contract after just four years and returned home.
Back in Germany, he was considerably better served in the role of composer Franz Lisztin the Franco-German co-production Hungarian Rhapsody (1954); and in a trilogy of hugely popular escapist adventure films, exotically set in India: Tiger of Bengal (1959),The Tomb of Love (1959) and Tiger of Bengal (1960). Paul had aged remarkably well and was able to carry off his romantic leading man image into the 1960’s. From the beginning of the decade, he also moved into character acting, playing Professor Higgins in “My Fair Lady” more than 2000 times on stage, most frequently at Berlin’s Theater des Westens. On screen, he now appeared more frequently as bon vivants, reprobates or villains, most memorable as double agent Johnny Vulkan in Funeral in Berlin (1966), the second of Len Deighton‘s Harry Palmer trilogy. In 1980, he was awarded the German Filmband in Gold. During the 1980’s he scaled down his workload, confining himself to guesting in made-for-television movies and series. He retired from acting in 1992 and died nine years later in Berlin at the age of 84 of a pulmonary embolism.
– IMDb Mini Biography By: I.S.Mowis
The above IMDB entry can also be accessed online here.
Paul Hugo Hubschmid, actor: born Schönenwerd, Switzerland 20 July 1917; married 1942 Ursula von Teubern (died 1963; one son), 1967 Eva Renzi (one adopted daughter; marriage dissolved 1980); 1985 Irene Schiesser; died Berlin 31 December 2001.
Billed in his English-speaking films as Paul Christian, the Swiss-born actor Paul Hubschmid was a popular leading man in European films in the years after the Second World War (despite having worked in German films during the war), his virile good looks compensating for a stiff acting style. Later he won praise as a fine character player in such films as Funeral in Berlin, and by the end of his 50-year acting career he had made over 120 films.
Extremely popular in Germany on both screen and stage (he played over 2,000 performances of My Fair Lady in Berlin), he was once dubbed “the most beautiful man in post-war German cinema”. Between 1948 and 1953 he made several films in Hollywood, and will best be remembered by English-speaking audiences as the hero of the classic monster movie The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms (1953).
Born in Schönenwerd, Switzerland, in 1917, he went to Vienna in 1937 to train as an actor at the Max Reinhardt Academy. He made his screen début in the Swiss film Fusilier Wipf, released in 1938, and made his first German film, Maria Ilona, in 1939. During the war years he acted in the German theatre and appeared in a dozen more films including Meine Freundin Josefine (1942) and Liebesbriefe (1943).
Universal took him to Hollywood in 1949, renamed him Paul Christian, and gave him the star role opposite Maureen O’Hara in the Arabian Nights adventure Bagdad. As the leader of a desert group, “the Black Riders”, he had a Valentino-like role, unmasking the villain (Vincent Price) who has kidnapped O’Hara’s sheikh father and winning the heroine for himself. Critics were unimpressed by Christian’s acting, but conceded that he had the dashing looks to suit the part.
Bagdad was the sort of film Universal had been making for several years with Maria Montez starring, and the formula was no longer proving as potent at the box office. Ironically, Christian’s next film, The Thief of Venice(made in 1950 but not released until 1952), co-starred Montez in what was to be her last film before her sudden death. Directed by John Brahm in Venice on sets left over from Orson Welles’s Othello, it took place in the Middle Ages, with Christian a naval officer who takes up thieving to acquire the funds to combat the evil Inquisitor (Massimo Serato), with Montez the tavern keeper who helps him.
Christian next starred in Don Siegel’s No Time For Flowers (1952), a Ninotchka-like comedy made in Vienna (though set in Prague) in which Christian was a Czechoslovakian party official who tests the loyalty of his secretary by tempting her with such Western delights as bubble baths, cosmetics, champagne and nylons. The secretary was played by Viveca Lindfors (Mrs Siegel at the time), and inevitably (since the film was made at the height of the Cold War) both she and Christian succumb to temptation at the film’s end and flee to Austria’s US Zone.
Siegel, aware of the film’s debt to Ninotchka, later blamed its failure on a budget-conscious producer, a dull script, the fact that he was admittedly no Lubitsch (“or Viveca would have given Greta Garbo a run for her money”) and Christian, who “was much too stiff and without the charm and fun of Melvyn Douglas”.
Despite having starred in three internationally distributed films, Christian was not yet an established name, but his next film was an enormous success, The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms. Based on Ray Bradbury’s haunting short story “The Foghorn”, the film spawned so many cheap imitations that is is surprising now to realise that it was the first film to deal with a prehistoric monster unearthed by an atomic explosion and going on a rampage through a major city. Christian was effective enough as the scientist who first realises the truth but is not believed, but it was Eugène Lourié’s atmospheric direction and in particular the splendid special effects of Ray Harryhausen that turned the $250,000 film into a hit that grossed $5m.
Returning to live in Germany, Christian was leading man to the musical star Marika Roekk in Maske in Blau (1953), the first of many German and Italian films in which he starred, usually as a handsome charmer or a swashbuckling action hero. By the end of the decade he had won great acclaim for his stage portrayal of Professor Higgins in My Fair Lady and reverted to the name Paul Hubschmid, though for those films that obtained release in English-speaking countries he was billed as Paul Christian. These included Rommel’s Treasure (Il Tesoro di Rommel, 1955), co-starring Dawn Addams, and The Day the Sky Exploded (La morte viene dallo spazio, 1958), photographed by Mario Bava, later a noted director, and described by The Monthly Film Bulletin as “the stock-shot film par excellence“.
In 1958 he starred in the two-part Fritz Lang epic Der Tiger von Eschnapur/Das indische Grabmal, which Lang based on the pulp serial he and Joe May had scripted in 1921. In the comic-strip adventure Christian was an architect who rescues a young dancer from a tiger, falls in love with her, then has to flee with her when the Maharajah, who loves the dancer, threatens to bury her alive. Praised for its use of colour, decor and wide-screen photography, the (196-minute) two-part movie was shown complete in most European countries, but was dubbed and shown as one 94-minute film in Britain (as Tigress of Bengal) and the US (as Journey to the Lost City).
In 1965 the actor, billed as Hubschmid, supported Steve Cochran and Hildegarde Neff in a British adventure film, Mozambique, and the following year had a prime role as Johnny Vulkan, former black-market crony of spy Harry Palmer and now a British agent, in Funeral in Berlin, with critics noting that the ageing actor had gained authority and conviction with the years.
He returned to Universal Studios to play a German baron wed by a Parisian intelligence agent (Anjanette Comer) before the Second World War in the espionage adventure In Enemy Country (1968), and an evil Dutch scientist who wants to use for his own ends missing-link humanoids discovered in New Guinea by explorers Burt Reynolds and Susan Clark in the risible Skullduggery (1970).
The actor, whose last film was the German comedy Linda (1991), used to say that he wondered if his looks had not been detrimental to his acting career, and he entitled his 1994 autobiography Schöner Mann, was nun?(“Beautiful Man, What Now?”).
Tom Vallance. The Independent. 2001.
Marisa Mell was born in 1939 in Graz, Austria. Her film debut was in 1954 in “Das licht der Liebe”. She went on to make “Dr”, “City of Fear”, “French Dressing”, “Masqurade” and “Danger Diabolik”. In 1967 she was on Broadway as “Mata Hari” a musical with Pernell Roberts. It was not a success. Marisa Mell died in 1992 in Vienna.
Article on Marisa Mell in “Tina Aumont’s Eyes” website|:
Beautiful and exiting, the stunning Marisa Mell appeared in an array of cult classics and exploitation favourites, from both Italy and abroad. Never shy with nudity, she is also remembered for her glamorous pictorials that featured in many glossy publications during her long and varied career.
Born in Austria on February 24th 1939, Marisa Mell’s life was nearly over before her career even took off. In 1963, after having appeared in only a handful of European movies, Marisa was involved in a serious traffic accident while in France. She nearly lost her right eye and would spend the next two years having plastic surgery, which resulted in a slight curl to her upper lip. During this time though, she continued to make films both home and abroad. In 1964 Marisa played a French movie star in Ken Russell’s film debut ‘French Dressing’, a fun comedy with James Booth and Roy Kinnear. Staying in the UK, she was a femme fatale in Basil Deardon’s spy spoof ‘Masquerade’ (’65), with Cliff Robertson. Back in Italy, Marisa was one of Marcello Mastroianni’s conquests, along with Michèle Mercier and Virna Lisi, in the entertaining romp ‘Casanova ‘70’ (’65).
Marisa is perhaps best known for Mario Bava’s stylish 1968 caper ‘Danger: Diabolik’, as the sexy girlfriend of John Phillip Law’s slick criminal; Diabolik. A big hit in Europe, it’s a fun if dated tongue-in-cheek romp that’s developed quite a cult over the years. Also in 1968, Marisa co-starred in the corny sex farce ‘Anyone Can Play’, alongside Virna Lisi and former Bond Girls Ursula Andress and Claudine Auger. The following year she gave a good performance in Lucio Fulci’s first giallo ‘One on Top of the Other’ (’69), looking sexy and dangerous in dual roles. Marisa would again have a double role in the Spanish thriller ‘Marta’, co-starring Stephen Boyd. An interesting though sometimes frustrating movie, it had Marisa play a murderess who resembles the estranged wife of a wealthy man (Boyd), who has murdered his own mother. More of a character study with added intrigue, than the usual giallo, both Boyd and Mell are very good and there are a few surprises along the way.
The following year Marisa would yet again play two roles, this time as twins, in exploitation king Umberto Lenzi’s pretty good giallo ‘Seven Blood-Stained Orchids’ (’72). Marisa looked stunning as a honeymooning bride who’s attacked on a train by a mysterious figure dressed in black. A rare Hollywood film came in 1975 when she had a small role in the Diana Ross fashion drama ‘Mahogany’, as the owner of an Italian modelling agency. It did little to help her career, but at least she got to work with her early crush; Anthony Perkins. Back in Europe Marisa was brutalized by a psychotic Helmut Berger in the sleaze-filled exploitation flick ‘Mad Dog Killer’ (’77), a typically grimy revenge picture from Italy, filled with rape, murder and car chases. In 1979 Mell appeared in ‘Ring of Darkness’, an Italian late entry in the whole ‘Exorcist’ rip-off cycle. A bit of a mess and hard to follow, it at least had a respectable cast including Frank Finlay, Ian Bannen and Anne Heywood. A silly but fun actioner followed with the terrorist-themed ‘Hostages!’ (’80), an international co-production with Stuart Whitman and Mexican favourite; Hugo Stiglitz.
Like many cult stars of the sixties and seventies, Marisa’s career had waned considerably by the 80’s, with only small roles in a few TV shows and Z-grade movies (including a guest spot in the 1983 porn flick ‘Nude Strike’), coming her way. After the dire Joe D’Amato fantasy ‘The Hobgoblin’ (’90), Mell’s final appearance was in the obscure 1991 comedy ‘I Love Vienna’. Married briefly to director Henri Tucci (’59-63) Marisa Mell sadly died in Vienna from throat cancer, on May 16th, 1992, aged just 53. A very good actress and a B-movie favourite, Marisa added charm and sex appeal to many European movies, and her legacy continues to be rediscovered by cult movie fans worldwide.
Favourite Movie: Seven Blood-Stained Orchids
Favourite Performance: One on Top of the Other
The above article can also be accessed online here.
The beautiful Penelope Cruz was born in Madrid in 1974. She made her film debut in 1992 in “Jambon, jambon”. Some of the early films include “Open Your Eyes” in 1997 and “The Hi-lo Country” in 1999. She has made many films with her fellow countryman Pedro Almodovar. Her international films include “Vanilla Sky” with Tom Cruise, “Captain Corelli’s Mandolin” with Nicholas Cage and “Nine” with Daniel Day-Lewis.
IMDB entry:
Known outside her native country as the “Spanish enchantress”, Penélope Cruz Sánchez was born in Madrid to Eduardo (a retailer) and Encarna (a hairdresser). As a toddler, she was already a compulsive performer, re-enacting TV commercials for her family’s amusement, but she decided to focus her energies on dance. After studying classical ballet for nine years at Spain’s National Conservatory, she continued her training under a series of prominent dancers. At 15, however, she heeded her true calling when she bested more than 300 other girls at a talent agency audition. The resulting contract landed her several roles in Spanish TV shows and music videos, which in turn paved the way for a career on the big screen. Cruz made her movie debut in The Greek Labyrinth(1993) (The Greek Labyrinth), then appeared briefly in the Timothy Dalton thriller Framed(1992). Her third film was the Oscar-winning Belle Epoque (1992), in which she played one of four sisters vying for the love of a handsome army deserter. The film also garnered several Goyas, the Spanish equivalent of the Academy Awards. Her resume continued to grow by three or four films each year, and soon Cruz was a leading lady of Spanish cinema. Live Flesh (1997) (Live Flesh) offered her the chance to work with renowned Spanish director Pedro Almodóvar (who would later be her ticket to international fame), and the same year she was the lead actress in the thriller/drama/mystery/sci-fi film Open Your Eyes (1997), a huge hit in Spain that earned eight Goyas (though none for Cruz). Her luck finally changed in 1998, when the movie-industry comedy The Girl of Your Dreams (1998) won her a Best Actress Goya. Cruz made a few more forays into English-language film, but her first big international hit was Almodóvar’s All About My Mother (1999), in which she played an unchaste but well-meaning nun. As the film was showered with awards and accolades, Cruz suddenly found herself in demand on both sides of the Atlantic. Her next big project was Woman on Top(2000), an American comedy about a chef with bewitching culinary skills and a severe case of motion sickness. While in the US, she also signed up to star opposite Johnny Depp in the drug-trafficking drama Blow (2001) and opposite Matt Damon in Billy Bob Thornton‘s All the Pretty Horses (2000). Cruz says she’s wary of being typecast as a beautiful young damsel, but it’s hard to imagine disguising her wide-eyed charms and generous nature. Fortunately, with Cameron Crowe‘s Vanilla Sky (2001) (a remake ofOpen Your Eyes (1997)) and a John Madden collaboration looming in her future, Damsel Penelope isn’t likely to disappear just yet.
– IMDb Mini Biography By: IMDb Editors
The above IMDB entry can also be accessed online here.
Anita Bjork was born in 1923 in Talberg, Sweden. She has been a leading light on Sedish theatre for many years. In 2009 she was on stage in “Love Letters”. On film she has appeared in “Det kom en gast” in 1947 and in 1951 “Miss Julie”. In 1954 she starred with Gregory Peck in “Night People”. She died in 2012.
Her “Telegraph” obituary:
She is best remembered for her role as Miss Julie in Alf Sjöberg’s 1951 screen adaptation of Strindberg’s classic play, which won the top prize at that year’s Cannes Film Festival . It was a superb performance by Anita Björk, combining youthful beauty and charm with undertones of ambition and determination, and many predicted that she had a brilliant international future.
On the strength of that role, Alfred Hitchcock wanted to use her in his 1953 film I Confess alongside Montgomery Clift’s Roman Catholic priest who, charged with murder, is unable to prove his innocence because the killer has come clean only in Confession.
But when Anita Björk reported for duty on the set in Hollywood accompanied by her lover, the writer Stig Dagerman, and their daughter, Warner Bros took fright at employing a star with an illegitimate child and sent her packing; the role went to Anne Baxter instead.
A second attempt to launch Anita Björk in Hollywood also misfired when the Cold War thriller Night People (1954), written and directed by Nunnally Johnson and starring Gregory Peck, failed at the box office.
Anita Björk’s career in Sweden, however, prospered. She had first been seen on screen in The Road to Heaven (1942), directed by Sjöberg, and she worked with Ingmar Bergman on one of his relatively early pictures, Secrets of Women (1952). An amusing story told by three married women about their flirtatious pasts , it was made shortly after Miss Julie and revealed in Anita Björk a comic screen presence to which she never really returned.
In later years she appeared for Mai Zetterling in Loving Couples (1964) and for Bo Widerberg in Adalen 31 (1969), about a strike in a paper factory in 1931 which has fatal consequences. But although she continued to appear on the big screen and on television until the turn of the millennium, she became most notable for her work on the Swedish stage.
Anita Björk was born at Tällberg, Sweden, on April 25 1923 and trained at the Royal Dramatic Theatre’s acting school (the Swedish equivalent of Rada) before embarking on what would become a long and distinguished career on the stage. In 1948 she appeared in Genet’s The Maids, going on play Agnes in Ibsen’s Brand, Juliette in Romeo & Juliet, and Eliza in Pygmalion.
She met Graham Greene — almost 20 years her senior — in 1954, when he was visiting his Swedish publisher and while he was still involved with the most famous of his mistresses, Catherine Walston, wife of the landowner and Labour MP Harry Walston.
Anita Björk had married Stig Dagerman in 1953, but within a year he had committed suicide. According to Michael Shelden, one of Greene’s biographers, the novelist developed “an irresistible attraction” to Anita, buying her a house near Stockholm and taking her on trips abroad, including to his villa on Capri.
Shelden writes: “It became a chore for him to fly back and forth to Stockholm, and he complained about the long dark winters and the difficulty of learning to speak Swedish. He did give some thought to living with [Anita] year-round, but he had no friends in Sweden besides Anita and his publisher… ‘He wanted me to move to France and live there,’ Anita wrote. ‘I couldn’t leave my children and the theatre.’”
The relationship lasted until 1959, and in that year Greene wrote a play called The Complaisant Lover, in which he appeared to draw on details of Dagerman’s suicide, a lapse of taste which offended some in the Swedish literary community. Anita herself did not protest, but it was later claimed that Greene’s failure to win the Nobel Prize for Literature was attributable to this incident. In fact, it seems probable that the Academy regarded him as more of “an entertainer” than a serious writer.
With her first husband, the actor and director Olof Bergström, to whom she was married from 1945 to 1951, Anita Björk had a son, the actor Jonas Bergström.
The above “Telegraph” obituary can also be accessed online here.
Her IMDB entry:
Anita Björk is able to use simple means to give depth and character to a role. She has a way of expressing any emotion just by raising an eyebrow or twitching her lips. This was something she used to a large extent in her best movie, Alf Sjöberg‘s Miss Julie (1951) where she played the young lady at a country manor, planning to elope with Jean the butler.
She was bitten by the acting bug in her teens and went to Stockholm. She started her acting studies at the Royal Dramatic Theater in 1942 and quickly got major roles. Her breakthrough came 1948 in Jean Genet‘s ‘The Maids’, followed by such roles as Agnes in ‘Henrik Ibsen’s ‘Brand’, Julie in William Shakespeare‘s ‘Romeo & Juliet’, Eliza in George Bernard Shaw‘s ‘Pygmalion’ and Tintomara in ‘Carl Jonas Love Almqvist”s ‘Drottningens juvelsmycke’.
She met and fell in love with the writer Stig Dagerman and in 1951 she gave birth to a daughter. The three of them went to Hollywood for Anita to negotiate a role in Alfred Hitchcock’s I Confess (1953). But when word came out that Anita wasn’t married to Stig, Hollywood lost interest. His divorce from his ex-wife wasn’t final until 1953 and apparently it wasn’t acceptable to Hollywood for a contract player to live with someone married to somebody else.
In West Germany she played against Gregory Peck in Night People (1954) but when the movie failed at the box office, so did her career abroad. Also, her husband killed himself and Anita decided to stick to the Royal Dramatic Theater where she has appeared in more than 80 roles through the years. In movies, she has appeared mainly in supporting roles.
Of her movies, the most interesting are Miss Julie (1951), On These Shoulders (1948) and Mannequin in Red (1958).
– IMDb Mini Biography By: Mattias Thuresson <mattias.thuresson@mbox
Her IMDB entry can also be accessed online here.
Raf Vallone was born in Calabria, Italy in 1917. He studied Law and Philosophy at the University of Turin. He also played professional football. His first film appearance was in “We the Living” in 1942. In 1949 hemade his breakthrough in “Bitter Rice” with Silvana Mangnao and Vittorio Gassman. He made many international films such as “The Cardinal” in 1963, “Harlow” with Carroll Baker and Angela Lansbury which was made in Hollywood in 1964 and “The Other Side of Midnight” in 1977. He died in Rome in 2002.
His “Guardian” obituary by John Francis Lane:
Raf Vallone, who has died aged 86, was one of the few non-professional actors to emerge from Italian neo- realist cinema and enjoy a distinguished career as a professional, on the screen and stage. A former journalist, he won international fame for his electrifying performance as the hot-headed Italian-American, Eddie, in Arthur Miller’s A View From The Bridge, a role he played in Peter Brook’s Paris stage production and in Sidney Lumet’s 1961 film, Vu Du Pont.
Vallone had been discovered by Giuseppe De Santis, who, in 1948, needed someone to research labour problems among the rice pickers of Piedmont for his film, Bitter Rice. In the Turin offices of the Communist party newspaper l’Unità, he met the writer Cesare Pavese, and Vallone, who wrote about sports and culture. After helping with the research, Vallone was surprised to find himself cast as the good-hearted ex-soldier whose girlfriend has befriended Silvana Mangano, the clandestine rice picker in hiding from the police with her good-for-nothing lover (Vittorio Gassman).
De Santis wrote in the preface to the screenplay: “I was impressed by Raf’s wide cultural and political awareness. Physically, he had the rugged looks of a sportsman. He had, in fact, played in a leading Turin soccer team. He was just the type I was looking for to play the nice guy. He was a natural.”
For Vallone, it meant a new career at the age of 31. Born in Calabria, he was only two years old when his family emigrated to Turin. He studied hard, getting a degree in letters and law. He joined the anti-fascist resistance, and, after the war, found a job with l’Unità.
After the favourable response to Bitter Rice, De Santis gave Vallone the lead role in his next film, Non C’è Pace Sotto Gli Ulivi (There’s No Peace Under The Olive Trees, 1950). Though not as successful in mixing social observation with melodrama, it confirmed his dramatic talents, winning him top billing in Cristo Proibito (Forbidden Christ, 1950), the only film made by the controversial Curzio Malaparte.
This was followed by an important role in Pietro Germi’s Il Cammino Della Speranza (The Road To Hope, 1951), an epic odyssey about southern Italians trekking north in search of work, and ending up in the Alpine snows desperate to cross the French border. The same year, he played Garibaldi, to Anna Magnani’s Anita, in Alessandrini’s Camicie Rosse (Red Shirts), though Suso Cecchi d’Amico has reported that the two stars did not hit it off.
Vallone worked again with De Santis in one of the director’s best films, Roma Ore 11 (Rome 11 O’Clock, 1952), based on the true story of a staircase that collapsed under the weight of unemployed girls waiting for a job interview. The scriptwriter Cesare Zavattini had wanted the casting to be non-professional, but De Santis preferred to use star names of the period, among whom at least Vallone still carried the air of neo- realist authenticity.
Dissatisfied with most of the films he made during the following years, Vallone decided to try the stage. While visiting London in 1956, he had seen Peter Brook’s production of A View From The Bridge, and felt that the role of Eddie was “made for him”. He had already worked in France, in films by Marcel Carné and Jean Delannoy, and courageously decided to risk what was virtually his stage debut, acting in French, comforted by Brook’s direction.
The production was a triumph and ran for 550 performances at the Thétre Antoine. The French translator Marcel Aymé had wanted to change the ending, leaving Eddie alive on stage, but Brook was against it, so Vallone got his death scene, which won ovations every night. He was the natural choice for Eddy in Sidney Lumet’s subsequent film, shot in both French and English versions, and, in later years, he directed the play himself in Italian.
On the Paris stage, he scored a success in Christiane Rochefort’s Le Repos Du Guerrier, and directed Pirandello’s Six Characters In Search Of An Author. In Italy, he did another Miller play, The Price, and, in 1969, he wrote, directed and acted in a play called Proibito Da Chi? (Forbidden By Whom?).
Among his many film appearances, Vallone is remembered for his cameos in, among others, Vittorio De Sica’s Two Women (1960), in which he played the grocer with whom Sophia Loren sleeps before fleeing from Rome with her daughter, El Cid (1961), The Cardinal (1963), Phaedra (1962), The Greek Tycoon (1978) and The Godfather Part III (1990).
In the early years of Italian television, he was Rochester in Jane Eyre (1960), and he won great popularity in the serial adaptation of Riccardo Bacchelli’s Il Mulino Del Po (1962). He was also in Alberto Lattuada’s mini series Christopher Columbus (1984). His last television appearance was in Vino Santo (2000) with Alida Valli, when, both in their 80s, they played grandparents celebrating their golden wedding anniversary. The director Zaver Schwarzenberger, former assistant and cameraman for Rainer Werner Fassbinder, described it as a “tragicomedy”.
Vallone was married to Elena Varzi, who had played his wife in Cammino Della Speranza (The Road To Hope, 1950). Both their son, Saverio, and daughter, Eleonora, are actors.
· Raffaele ‘Raf’ Vallone, actor, born February 17 1916; died October 31 2002
Antonio Gades was a Spanish flamenco dancer who also was featured in films. He was born in 1936 in Alicante. He was a co-founder and artistic director of the Spanish National Ballet. His films include “Los Tarentos” in 1963 and “Carmen” in 1983. He died in 2004.
His “Guardian” obituary:
Recognised as the greatest Spanish male dancer of his generation and an even greater choreographer, Antonio Gades has died of cancer, aged 67. Most dancers only live on in the minds of those who saw them. But three stunning films directed in the 1980s by Carlos Saura show us Gades at his peak. These were Bodas De Sangre (Blood Wedding), Carmen and El Amor Brujo (Love The Magician).
Gades was a child of war and hunger. His father, a building worker and communist, left home when Antonio was a baby to fight fascism on the Madrid front in the civil war. After the war, the family reunited in Madrid, where Antonio had to leave school, aged 11, to be a messenger boy. Ambitious, he tried boxing, bullfighting, cycling and dancing.
By chance, dancing in a bar for a few pesetas, he was seen by Pilar López, who ran Spain’s leading dance company. She forced him to give up bullfighting (“Maybe you’ll be a great bullfighter, but I know you can be a great dancer and if a bull gores you, you’ll be neither dancer or bullfighter,” she told him) and within a year, aged 16, he was the lead dancer in her company. Gades stayed with López for nine years, concentrating on dancing Spanish classics.
Gades was a man of high principles, great stubbornness and exceptional discipline and rigour in his work. He never took advice from anyone, except perhaps López, who, he said, formed him as a person: “I learned not to be superior to anyone else, but only try to be better than myself.” This absence of unhealthy competitiveness and his rigorous dedication to self-improvement allowed him to develop his art.
In the 1960s Gades escaped Franco’s Spain. He studied classical ballet with Anton Dolin in Rome and became leading dancer at La Scala, Milan.
He debuted at Covent Garden in 1965. Like a waif, his ribs showing, short and a little curved in the shoulders, on stage he transformed himself. His style was direct: “Stop, walk, move, narrate,” he said. He made the hardest things look easy. It was an austere style, without frills and with enormous elegance.
Gades was moving and erotic to watch. “You have to caress the ground,” he explained. “Foot-tapping is not percussion. It is the continuation of a feeling.”
Through these years of hard work and apprenticeship, Gades was gestating his dance revolution. In 1969 he formed his own ballet company in Paris, introducing Cristina Hoyos, who was to be his stage partner for 20 years.
The revolution was born with El Amor Brujo in 1971 and Bodas De Sangre in 1974, both in Madrid, which he danced and choreographed.
This “fusion” of classical ballet and flamenco gave traditional Spanish dance the scale and technique of grand ballet. He took folk tales, which had been trivialised in popular films under Franco, and squeezed out of them “stories with movement”.
In 1975 he dissolved his company in protest against the dictatorship, and only returned to dancing in Cuba two years later at the urging of Alicia Alonso. With her he danced Ad Libitum and Giselle.
Antonio Gades was not just a dance revolutionary, but a political revolutionary. A member of the Spanish Communist party from a young age, he broke with it in 1981, as the result of a Stalinist split.
Orthodox communist to the end, he was politically loyal above all to Cuba. From 1959 until his death Gades was an outspoken supporter of the Cuban revolution. When he and the famous singer Marisol married in 1982, after having their three daughters, it was in Havana with Alicia Alonso and Fidel Castro as sponsors. These two sponsors summed up Gades’s life: dance and communism. His ashes will be scattered in Cuba.
With Franco dead, in 1978 he was appointed head of the Spanish National Ballet, but in 1981 was summarily sacked for political reasons. This was a happy event as it transpired, for most of the dancers resigned with him. They formed their own co-operative, which reached world fame on tour and through the Saura films.
Gades’s last choreography – though he hardly danced in it himself – was Fuenteovejuna (1994), an adaptation of Lope de Vega’s great play celebrating peasant solidarity. He rounded off his career with this cry for social justice expressed in the beauty and depth of dozens moving on stage to his design.
Gades married four times, the singer Marujita Díaz (1964), Pepa Flores (Marisol) in 1982, Daniela Frey in 1988 and Eugenia Eiriz recently. He had two children with the dancer Pilar San Segundo in the late 1960s. He is survived by all his wives and five children.
· Antonio Esteve Ródenas, ‘Antonio Gades’, dancer and choreographer, born November 16 1936; died July 20 2004
The above “Guardian ” obituary can also be accessed online here.
By Steve Vertlieb: Yvonne Monlaur was the young, fabulously lovely, sweetly innocent French actress who co-starred with Peter Cushing in Hammer Films’ classic vampire thriller Brides Of Dracula (1960), directed by Terence Fisher, and appeared opposite Christopher Lee in Hammer’s Terror of the Tongs (1961).
She was a sweet, gentle lady who cherished her fans, and was ever grateful for the opportunities that she’d been given. Yvonne, and dear friend Veronica Carlson introduced me from the stage when I presented the posthumous “Laemmle” life achievement award to Bernard Herrmann (accepted by his daughter, Dorothy) at the wonderful Fanex monster film convention in Crystal City, Virginia in 2000.
She was always the most gracious, kind, and humble actress that you’d ever wish to meet. Yvonne passed away, sadly, this past week on Tuesday, April 18th, at age 77.
Her gentle presence will be missed by all of us who frequented these events, but her radiant beauty and generosity of spirit will live on in her many screen appearances, as well as in the joyful memories of those of us fortunate enough to have met, and known her. May God rest her tender soul.
Daniel Gelin was born in Angers, France in 1921. He made his film debut in 1949 in “Rendez-vous de Juliet”. He made many films throughout the 1950’s including “La Ronde” and “La Plasair” both directed by Max Ophuls. Daniel Gelin died in 2002, His daughter is the actress Maria Schneider.
Guardian” obituary by Ronald Bergan:
Although the actor Daniel Gélin has died aged 81, a grand old man with a grey mane, it is his handsome, sensitive young face that is most remembered. Gélin was the representative of Parisian youth in the 1950s, in the years leading up to the Nouvelle Vague. This was especially true in three delicate social comedies directed by Jacques Becker: Rendezvous de Juillet (1949), Edouard et Caroline (1950) and Rue de L’Estrapade (1953). Becker’s love for modern post-war Paris, in particular the cafes and jazz clubs of St-Germain des Prés, shone through the three films and Gélin’s eyes. In the first of the trilogy, Gélin, as the rebellious son of a stuffy gentleman, is initially seen playing a tomtom and planning to make an anthropological film in Africa. As Edouard, probably his best role, Gélin is delightful as a struggling young pianist whose quarrel with his wife Caroline (Anne Vernon) takes place on the evening he is to play at her rich uncle’s fancy soirée. Finally, in Rue de L’Estrapade, he portrays a left-bank crooner courting a disenchanted married woman (Vernon again). Born in Angers, Gélin came to Paris to study acting at the Paris Conservatoire under Louis Jouvet. He made his screen debut aged 18 in Jean Boyer’s Miquette (1939). He went on to appear in a number of films by Henri Decoin, who gave Gélin his first lead in Premiere Rendezvous (1941), and two significant ones by Max Ophuls: La Ronde (1950) and Le Plaisir (1955), in both of which he partnered the enchantingly feline Simone Simon.
In the former, Simon, a chambermaid, seduces Gélin, an innocent student, who then goes on to make a play for a married woman (Danielle Darrieux). In La Modele, the third of the three stories based on Guy de Maupassant that made up Le Plaisir, Gélin revealed gravitas as an artist who makes mistresses of his models and has to marry one (Simon) out of sympathy when she cripples herself during a suicide attempt. The last shot is of Gélin bitterly wheeling his wife along the beach.Gélin was part of the Saint-Germain set gathered around Jean-Paul Sartre, Juliette Greco and Boris Vian. Consequently, he played the young communist (created on stage by Charles Boyer) in the film of Sartre’s Les Mains Sales (1951). Gélin, dispatched to kill the boss of their faction, but unable to do the deed, was the epitome of an existential hero, bringing life to the wordy screenplay.
In 1952, it was back to lightweight fare in Christian-Jaques’s Adorable Creatures, in which Gélin, as a fashion executive, remembers his past affairs. Gélin was then married to Danielle Delorme, whom he directed in Les Dentes Longues (1953). They divorced in 1954 after Gélin had admitted having had a daughter by a Romanian-born bookshop owner. The daughter became Maria Schneider, who made her name in Last Tango In Paris. Gélin was then appearing in a variety of films, including Sacha Guitry’s extravaganzas, Si Versailles M’Etait Conté (1954) and Napoleon (1955), in which he played Bonaparte. In Alfred Hitchcock’s The Man Who Knew Too Much (1956), Gélin had the small but important role of the mysterious Frenchman that the American couple (James Stewart, Doris Day) meet in Marrakesh and who is to whisper a few ominous final words before dying with a dagger in his back. In 1960, Gélin appeared in Shadow of Adultery, Alexander Astruc’s contribution to the Nouvelle Vague. Now in his 40th year, his boyish looks having faded, Gélin revealed maturity as a rich building contractor who treats his wife (Annie Girardot) merely as a social asset.
Other New Wave directors he worked with were Claude Chabrol (La Ligne de Demarcation, 1966) and Louis Malle (Le Souffle Au Coeur, 1971). He was chosen by Malle for the role of the bourgeois father of a boy, almost too close to his mother, partly because he resembled Malle’s father.Gélin cropped up regularly on television and films into the 1990s, but never again equalled the impact he had made in his youth. While fighting depression, drugs and alcohol, Gélin wrote several well-received books of poems, memoirs and a manual on gardening. His older son Xavier Gélin, predeceased him. Married three times, he is survived by another son and two daughters.
· Daniel Gélin, actor, born May 19 1921; died November 29 2002
The above “Guardian” obituary can also be accessed online here.
Anyone who knows me are aware that I am a bit of a movie buff. Over the past few years I have been collecting signed photographs of my favourite actors. Since I like movies so much there are many actors whose work I like.
